A guide to the belt drive engines in Java's sugar mills

Click here for an introduction to Java's sugar mills and their stationary steam engines. 

Belt drive engines tend to be the most difficult to catalogue because they are old, they carry little in the way of identification and came from a wide variety of manufacturers. It is likely that these are among the oldest survivors in Java, but I have had to use a little bit of guesswork to provide a representative selection:

This engine drives the centrifugals at Pangka:

At the same mill is an engine apparently driving a bank of sugar crystallisers:

This Fives-Lille engine (1906) at Karangsuwung drives the Kultrok, which churns the massecuite inside the crystalisers:

Not strictly a direct belt drive engine is this one at Wringinanom (Stork, 2561/1920) with 'drop' valves which drives a shaft off which belts for the centrifugals are driven (it used to be a crusher engine!):

Typical of the later high speed machines is this one from Stork used to improve the draughting of the boilers at Pangka:

Other similar engines from Bellis and Morcom exist at Olean while in this style is a Halle engine at Sudhono:

This engine at Candi which drives the crystalisers is one of several examples of the classic Tangye (Birmingham) Soho engines built from about 1878 onwards

This larger engine at Rejosari is from the same builder.

Another English example is this one from Robeys of Lincoln, formerly used in the bagasse department at Sindanglaut:

This small engine at Wringinanom from Ruston and Proctor (England) drives the cane carrier belt behind which leads from the cane table to the main crusher.

On the other hand this one at Watutulis carries a plate from Ingelse & Co, Machinefabriek, Schiedam about which I know nothing...

On the basis that I want to show as many manufacturers as possible here is one from Les Ateliers Dubrabant, Societe Anonyme, Ancienne Firme, W. Vangoethem, J. Realher & Cie, Bruxelles at Tasik Madu:

The name of W. Maxwell (English but based in Djogja/Djokja) appears on many grinders but just one engine I have seen so far, derelict at Colomadu: